📊 Evidence-Based Reference

Stainless Steel Greenfield Vena Cava Filter with 12f Introducer System

Boston Scientific Corporation

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Summary: The stainless steel Greenfield vena cava filter by Boston Scientific is used to prevent pulmonary embolism in patients with contraindications to anticoagulation. Key evidence highlights its efficacy in embolus capture and potential complications like filter tilt.

FDA Clearance Information

Pathway ? 510(k)
Number ? K964284 ↗
Decision Date ? January 6, 1997
Product Code ? DTK Filter, Intravascular, Cardiovascular
Device Class ? Class 2
Evidence ? 22 studies

The stainless steel Greenfield vena cava filter was cleared by the FDA via the 510(k) pathway on January 6, 1997. It is manufactured by Boston Scientific and classified as a Class 2 medical device.

What It Is

The stainless steel Greenfield vena cava filter is a medical device designed to prevent pulmonary embolism by capturing emboli in the inferior vena cava. It is intended for patients who cannot undergo anticoagulation therapy.

FDA-Cleared Indications

  • Prevention of pulmonary embolism by trapping emboli in the inferior vena cava.
  • Use in patients at risk for pulmonary embolism who have contraindications to anticoagulant therapy.

Clinical Applications

  • Placement in the inferior vena cava for pulmonary embolism protection when anticoagulation cannot be used.
  • Use in selected patients with venous thromboembolism who cannot receive anticoagulant therapy.
  • Percutaneous IVC filter placement using the supplied 12 French introducer system.

Reported off-label uses

  • Use when anticoagulation is considered ineffective or poorly tolerated, depending on the patient's clinical circumstances.
  • Prophylactic placement in selected patients considered at unusually high risk for pulmonary embolism but without documented venous thromboembolism.

Off-label use: these uses are reported in practice or the literature but are not part of the FDA-cleared indications. Physicians may use a cleared device off-label based on their medical judgment; the manufacturer may not promote off-label uses.

Evidence Summary

The available literature includes 10 studies, ranging from 1997 to 2020, encompassing various study types such as RCTs and retrospective analyses. These studies evaluate the filter's efficacy, safety, and mechanical properties.

Reported Outcomes

Published studies report that the Greenfield filter effectively captures emboli, reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism. Studies also highlight its mechanical stability and performance under different physiological conditions. However, some studies note issues with filter tilt and asymmetry.

Safety Profile

Reported complications include filter tilt, asymmetry, and insertion challenges. Some studies also mention potential issues with caval coverage and gravitational force effects on the filter's performance.

Evidence Limitations

The evidence is limited by the variability in study designs and small sample sizes in some studies. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and compare the filter's performance with newer designs.

Practical Considerations

  • The device is delivered through a 12 French introducer system; access is commonly obtained through the jugular or femoral vein under fluoroscopic guidance.
  • The stainless steel filter is a permanent filter design and is not generally treated as a routine retrievable filter; removal may be difficult or require advanced techniques.
  • Deployment requires accurate positioning in the inferior vena cava and assessment of venous anatomy, including renal vein location and caval diameter.
  • Potential complications include filter tilt, migration, fracture, perforation, caval thrombosis, access-site bleeding, and recurrent or new venous thromboembolism.
  • MRI safety and conditions should be confirmed from the device-specific labeling and institutional MRI policy before scanning; the implant's stainless steel composition does not by itself establish unrestricted MRI safety.

Procedures that use this device

Linked Studies (20)

PubMed • 2020

Greenfield stainless steel vena cava filters on computed tomography follow-up.

Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders

Other View Source →
PubMed • 2006

Numerical analysis of the hemodynamics and embolus capture of a greenfield vena cava filter.

Journal of biomechanical engineering

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2004

In vivo evaluation of the effects of gravitational force (+Gz) on over-the-wire stainless steel Greenfield inferior vena cava filter in swine.

Cardiovascular and interventional radiology

View Source →
PubMed • 1999

Entrapment of J-tip guidewires by Venatech and stainless-steel Greenfield vena cava filters during central venous catheter placement: percutaneous management in four patients.

Cardiovascular and interventional radiology

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1998

IVC filter tilt and asymmetry: comparison of the over-the-wire stainless-steel and titanium Greenfield IVC filters.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1998

Suprarenal filter placement.

Journal of vascular surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1997

Evaluation of a new percutaneous stainless steel Greenfield filter.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1996

Successful retrieval of a titanium Greenfield vena cava filter embedded within its introducer sheath.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR

View Source →
PubMed • 1996

Caval interruption methods: comparison of options.

Seminars in vascular surgery

View Source →
PubMed • 1995

The new titanium Greenfield vena cava filter: initial experience and review.

Singapore medical journal

Case Series View Source →
PubMed • 1995

[Partial interruption of the inferior vena cava using a Greenfield titanium percutaneous filter. Present indications and evaluation].

Journal des maladies vasculaires

Prospective View Source →
PubMed • 1994

Management of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity in pregnancy.

The West Virginia medical journal

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1993

New retrievable percutaneous vena cava filter: experimental in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

Cardiovascular and interventional radiology

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1992

LGM vena cava filter: objective evaluation of early results.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR

View Source →
PubMed • 1990

Perforation of the inferior vena cava by a suprarenal Greenfield filter.

Radiology

View Source →
PubMed • 1990

Percutaneous inferior vena caval filters.

Radiology

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1989

Comparison of titanium and stainless steel, Greenfield vena caval filters.

Surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1987

Percutaneous transfemoral placement of the Kimray-Greenfield vena cava filter.

Radiology

View Source →
PubMed • 1987

Experimental comparison of percutaneous vena caval devices: titanium Greenfield filter versus bird's nest filter.

Journal of vascular surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 1986

Percutaneous Kimray-Greenfield filter placement.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology

View Source →

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the clinical indications for the stainless steel Greenfield vena cava filter?

The filter is indicated for patients at risk of pulmonary embolism who cannot undergo anticoagulation therapy.

What outcomes have been reported in clinical studies?

Studies report effective embolus capture and reduced risk of pulmonary embolism, with some mechanical stability issues noted.

What complications have been reported?

Reported complications include filter tilt, asymmetry, and insertion challenges.

Disclaimer: This page compiles publicly available regulatory and published clinical evidence for educational reference. It does not constitute medical advice, product endorsement, or a recommendation for clinical use. Always consult manufacturer documentation and clinical judgment for patient care decisions.

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