Radiology Board Review Quiz

Pineoblastoma is a highly aggressive WHO grade IV tumor, part of the primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) spectrum, primarily affecting young children. It appears as a well-circumscribed, often lobular mass with frequent calcification and potential for local invasion. Pineoblastomas can be associated with bilateral retinoblastomas, known as trilateral retinoblastoma. Key diagnostic features include hyperdensity on CT and heterogeneous enhancement on MRI. Common pitfalls include confusion with germ cell tumors or pineocytomas, which are less aggressive and have different treatment protocols.

Krukenberg tumors: Signet ring cells, mucinous ADCA from stomach or colon. Breast cancer. Lymphoma

The middle cerebral artery (MCA) and its lateral lenticulostriate branches, which can be affected on either side, are commonly associated with variable lacunar syndromes. Key diagnostic features include pure motor hemiparesis, ataxic hemiparesis, or dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome. Clinical pearls include recognizing that these small vessel strokes often present with isolated neurological deficits without cortical signs. Common pitfalls include mistaking these syndromes for large vessel strokes, which typically present with more extensive deficits.

Homogeneous: fibroglandular or fat. Heterogeneous: typically occurs in younger patients.

Bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma. Alveolar proteinosis. Sarcoid. Lipoid pneumonia.

TB. Schistosomiasis.

Bronchiectasis. Cross section of pulmonary artery branch adjacent to dilated, ring-shaped bronchus.Bronchus diameter exceeds adjacent artery's

Connect alveoli with respiratory, terminal, and preterminal bronchioles.

Hemangioma, peripheral to central enhancement over time.

Endometriosis.