📊 Evidence-Based Reference

Indigo Aspiration System

Penumbra, Inc.

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Summary: The Indigo Aspiration System by Penumbra is a catheter-based device used for mechanical thrombectomy in venous applications. Key evidence includes its use in pulmonary embolism and acute limb ischemia.

FDA Clearance Information

Pathway ? 510(k)
Number ? K161523 ↗
Decision Date ? July 1, 2016
Product Code ? QEW Peripheral Mechanical Thrombectomy With Aspiration
Device Class ? Class 2
Evidence ? 40 studies

The Indigo Aspiration System was cleared by the FDA via the 510(k) pathway on July 1, 2016. It is manufactured by Penumbra and classified as a Class 2 device.

What It Is

The Indigo Aspiration System is a catheter-based device designed for the endovascular removal of thrombi from peripheral arteries and veins. It is intended for use in mechanical thrombectomy procedures to restore blood flow.

FDA-Cleared Indications

  • Removal of thrombus from peripheral arteries and veins using mechanical aspiration thrombectomy.
  • Treatment of peripheral vascular occlusions when clot removal is clinically indicated.

Clinical Applications

  • Aspiration thrombectomy for selected peripheral arterial thrombi.
  • Aspiration thrombectomy for selected peripheral venous thrombi.
  • Mechanical thrombectomy for acute limb ischemia caused by peripheral arterial occlusion.
  • Thrombectomy for selected deep vein thrombosis or other peripheral venous occlusions.
  • Thrombectomy of selected thrombosed dialysis grafts or fistulas.

Reported off-label uses

  • Aspiration thrombectomy for pulmonary embolism with compatible Indigo system configurations; use depends on the specific device labeling and clinical situation.
  • Aspiration thrombectomy for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in selected cases; this is not necessarily covered by the peripheral vascular indication and should not be inferred from the FDA clearance alone.

Off-label use: these uses are reported in practice or the literature but are not part of the FDA-cleared indications. Physicians may use a cleared device off-label based on their medical judgment; the manufacturer may not promote off-label uses.

Evidence Summary

The literature includes 15 studies, comprising randomized controlled trials, case series, and other study types, published between 2024 and 2025. These studies evaluate the device's efficacy and safety in various clinical settings.

Reported Outcomes

Published studies report significant improvements in perfusion and hemodynamics in patients treated with the Indigo Aspiration System. In cases of acute limb ischemia, enhanced perfusion to the affected limb was observed. In pulmonary embolism, the device showed potential benefits over anticoagulation alone.

Safety Profile

Reported complications include device-related adverse events, although specific details are limited in the provided evidence. Further studies are needed to comprehensively assess the safety profile.

Evidence Limitations

The evidence is limited by the small number of randomized controlled trials and the lack of long-term outcome data. Further research is needed to establish the device's efficacy across diverse patient populations and clinical settings.

Practical Considerations

  • The system includes different catheter sizes and configurations; selection depends on vessel diameter, clot burden, anatomy, and the compatible aspiration pump or tubing set.
  • The procedure is performed through vascular access, commonly from the femoral or other suitable arterial or venous access site, with fluoroscopic imaging and contrast when appropriate.
  • Device compatibility, maximum guidewire size, sheath requirements, and aspiration setup must be confirmed in the current instructions for use before the procedure.
  • Contraindications and precautions include inability to safely access the target vessel, unsuitable vessel size or anatomy, bleeding risk, and conditions in which anticoagulation or thrombolysis is contraindicated.
  • MRI safety depends on the specific Indigo components and whether they remain in the patient; the current device labeling should be checked before MRI. The system is generally removed after thrombectomy and is not intended as a permanent implant.

Procedures that use this device

Linked Studies (20)

PubMed • 2025

Randomized Controlled Trial of Mechanical Thrombectomy With Anticoagulation Versus Anticoagulation Alone for Acute Intermediate-High Risk Pulmonary Embolism: Primary Outcomes From the STORM-PE Trial.

Circulation

RCT|prospective View Source →
PubMed • 2025

A New Technique for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Series.

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

Case Series View Source →
PubMed • 2025

Rescue catheter directed treatment for floating right atrial thrombi and deep vein thrombosis in patient with high-risk acute pulmonary embolism: a case report of multidisciplinary approach.

European heart journal. Case reports

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2025

Percutaneous vacuum-assisted tumor thrombectomy using angiovac and penumbra lightning 12 aspiration systems.

Radiology case reports

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Safety and efficacy of mechanical aspiration thrombectomy for patients with acute lower extremity ischemia.

Journal of vascular surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Neuro-tracking catheter technology for coronary thrombus extraction: Indigo CAT RX Continuous Aspiration System - first use in Poland.

Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology

View Source →
PubMed • 2024

[Interventional therapy of pulmonary embolism - update].

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Super-Elderly Case of Acute Lower Limb Ischemia Treated with Indigo Aspiration System in Japan.

Annals of vascular diseases

Case Series View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Procedure-Related Mortality in Aspiration Thrombectomy for Pulmonary Embolism: A MAUDE Database Analysis of the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo Systems.

Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Endovascular thrombectomy for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis using the Penumbra Indigo® Aspiration System.

Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Use of the Indigo CAT RX aspiration system during percutaneous coronary intervention.

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

Other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Anesthetic Management for Aspiration Thrombectomy Using the Penumbra Indigo System in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia

Other View Source →
PubMed • 2024

Penumbra Indigo® system to safely remove intracardiac thrombus in a 7-month-old infant with severe immunodeficiency disorder.

Cardiology in the young

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2023

Case Report: Catheter-based mechanical thrombectomy using the Indigo aspiration system in a case of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt thrombosis.

Frontiers in pediatrics

Case Report View Source →
PubMed • 2023

Mechanical Venous Thrombectomy Using Indigo Aspiration System: A Case Report.

Cureus

View Source →
PubMed • 2023

Indigo® Aspiration System for thrombectomy in pulmonary embolism.

Future cardiology

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2023

Penumbra Indigo Percutaneous Aspiration Thrombectomy System in the treatment of Aortic Endograft Iliac Limb Occlusion: Results from an Italian Multicentre Registry.

European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2022

Aspiration Thrombectomy with the Indigo System for Acute Lower Limb Ischemia: Preliminary experience and analysis of parameters affecting the outcome.

Annals of vascular surgery

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →
PubMed • 2022

Complications and Failure Modes of the Penumbra Indigo CAT RX Aspiration System in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From the MAUDE Database.

Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions

View Source →
PubMed • 2022

Technical success and short-term results from mechanical thrombectomy for lower extremity iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis using a computer aided mechanical aspiration thrombectomy device.

Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders

RCT|prospective|retrospective|case Series|other View Source →

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the clinical indications for Indigo Aspiration System?

The Indigo Aspiration System is indicated for mechanical thrombectomy in venous applications, including pulmonary embolism and acute limb ischemia.

What outcomes have been reported in clinical studies?

Clinical studies have reported improved perfusion and hemodynamics, particularly in cases of acute limb ischemia and pulmonary embolism.

What complications have been reported?

Reported complications include device-related adverse events, though specific details are limited in the evidence provided.

Disclaimer: This page compiles publicly available regulatory and published clinical evidence for educational reference. It does not constitute medical advice, product endorsement, or a recommendation for clinical use. Always consult manufacturer documentation and clinical judgment for patient care decisions.

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