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Interventional procedures

Each procedure page explains who it helps, how it is done, the devices used and what it costs. Start from a condition or browse the device library.

Illustration of a catheter delivering embolic particles into uterine arteries supplying fibroids. IR Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE) Treats: Uterine Fibroids, Adenomyosis Illustration of a catheter delivering embolic particles into arteries supplying an enlarged prostate. IR Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE) Treats: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Medical illustration of a catheter treating small genicular arteries around an arthritic knee with embolic particles. IR Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) Treats: Knee Osteoarthritis Pelvic anatomy showing a catheter closing a refluxing ovarian vein with embolization devices. IR Ovarian Vein Embolization Treats: Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Illustration showing a catheter blocking the left gonadal vein to treat an enlarged scrotal varicocele. IR Varicocele Embolization Treats: Varicocele Illustration of a catheter closing the great saphenous vein to treat leg varicose veins. Vascular Endovenous Thermal Ablation (Radiofrequency or Laser) Treats: Varicose Veins Cutaway illustration of catheter-delivered adhesive closing a faulty superficial leg vein near varicose branches. Vascular Cyanoacrylate Vein Closure (VenaSeal) Treats: Varicose Veins Illustration of a catheter removing clot from deep femoral and iliac veins in the leg and pelvis. Vascular DVT Mechanical Thrombectomy Treats: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), May-Thurner Syndrome Illustration of a catheter entering through the groin vein to remove a clot in a pulmonary artery. Vascular Pulmonary Embolism Thrombectomy Treats: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Illustration showing a catheter delivering clot-dissolving medicine into a deep vein clot and a pulmonary artery clot. Vascular Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis Treats: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Illustration of an IVC filter placed below the kidney veins in the inferior vena cava. IR IVC Filter Placement Treats: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Illustration of a neck-vein catheter capturing an IVC filter in the inferior vena cava for removal. IR IVC Filter Retrieval Treats: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Illustration of catheter-guided stent placement in the left iliac vein and superior vena cava. Vascular Venous Stenting (Iliac and Central Veins) Treats: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), May-Thurner Syndrome, Superior Vena Cava (SVC) Syndrome Illustration of a balloon catheter widening a narrowed femoral artery in the leg through groin access. Vascular Peripheral Balloon Angioplasty Treats: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Illustration of a catheter placing a stent in a narrowed superficial femoral artery to restore leg blood flow. Vascular Peripheral Artery Stenting Treats: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Illustration of an atherectomy catheter removing plaque from a narrowed femoral artery in the leg Vascular Peripheral Atherectomy Treats: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Illustration of an EVAR stent graft inside an abdominal aortic aneurysm, delivered through groin arteries. Vascular Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) Treats: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), Iliac Artery Aneurysm Illustration of a tunneled dialysis catheter from the right neck to the upper chest, ending in a central vein near the heart. Dialysis access Tunneled Dialysis Catheter (Permcath) Placement Treats: Kidney Failure Needing Dialysis Access Illustration of a temporary dialysis catheter entering the neck vein and ending in a central chest vein near the heart. Dialysis access Non-Tunneled Dialysis Catheter (Vascath) Placement Treats: Kidney Failure Needing Dialysis Access Illustration of balloon angioplasty opening a narrowed vein in an upper-arm dialysis AV fistula. Dialysis access Fistulogram with Angioplasty Treats: Kidney Failure Needing Dialysis Access Illustration of catheter thrombectomy and balloon angioplasty reopening a clotted dialysis fistula or graft in the arm. Dialysis access Dialysis Graft and Fistula Thrombectomy Treats: Kidney Failure Needing Dialysis Access Illustration of a HeRO graft in the upper arm with central venous outflow bypassing a blocked chest vein. Dialysis access HeRO Graft Placement Treats: Kidney Failure Needing Dialysis Access Illustration showing a PICC line entering an upper-arm vein and ending in the superior vena cava near the heart. Vascular access PICC Line Placement Treats: Long-Term IV Therapy (Chemotherapy, TPN, Antibiotics) Illustration showing an implanted chest port connected by catheter to a central vein near the heart. Vascular access Port-a-Cath (Implanted Port) Placement Treats: Long-Term IV Therapy (Chemotherapy, TPN, Antibiotics) Illustration of a tunneled chest catheter entering a neck vein and ending in a central vein near the heart. Vascular access Tunneled Central Line (Broviac or Hickman) Placement Treats: Long-Term IV Therapy (Chemotherapy, TPN, Antibiotics) Illustration showing a wrist TR Band and a groin vascular closure device after arterial catheter access. Vascular Arterial Access Site Closure (TR Band and Closure Devices) Illustration of a catheter delivering embolic beads through the hepatic artery to a liver tumor. Interventional oncology Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Treats: Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases) Illustration of a catheter delivering Y-90 microspheres through hepatic arteries into liver tumors. Interventional oncology Y-90 Radioembolization (SIRT) Treats: Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases) Cutaway illustration showing an ablation probe through the abdomen heating a small tumor inside the liver. Interventional oncology Liver Tumor Ablation (Microwave or Radiofrequency) Treats: Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases) Illustration of portal vein embolization blocking right liver portal branches to promote growth of the left liver. Interventional oncology Portal Vein Embolization Treats: Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastases) Cross-section showing a needle probe through the flank treating a small tumor in the kidney with ablation. Interventional oncology Kidney Tumor Ablation (Cryoablation or Microwave) Treats: Kidney Cancer and Complex Renal Cysts Cross-section showing a CT-guided needle entering through the back to biopsy a mass in the kidney. IR Image-Guided Needle Biopsy Treats: Kidney Cancer and Complex Renal Cysts Illustration of a TIPS stent connecting a portal vein to a hepatic vein inside the liver. Hepatology TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt) Treats: Portal Hypertension (Varices and Ascites), Refractory and Malignant Ascites Cross-section showing ultrasound-guided needle drainage of ascitic fluid from the lower abdomen. Drainage Paracentesis Treats: Refractory and Malignant Ascites Cutaway of a tunneled peritoneal catheter draining ascites from the abdomen to an external bottle. Drainage Tunneled Peritoneal Catheter (PleurX) Placement Treats: Refractory and Malignant Ascites Cutaway of tunneled catheter draining fluid from the pleural space around a lung through the side of the chest. Drainage Tunneled Pleural Catheter Placement Treats: Recurrent Pleural Effusion Cutaway of kyphoplasty balloon and bone cement stabilizing a compressed vertebra through a posterior pedicle approach. Spine Kyphoplasty Treats: Vertebral Compression Fracture Illustration of a needle injecting bone cement into a compressed vertebra through the back. Spine Vertebroplasty Treats: Vertebral Compression Fracture Illustration of a nephrostomy catheter draining urine from a blocked kidney to an external bag. Drainage Nephrostomy Tube Placement Treats: Kidney Blockage (Hydronephrosis) Illustration of a nephroureteral catheter entering the kidney through the back and passing down the ureter to the bladder. Drainage Nephroureteral Stent (PCNU) Placement Treats: Kidney Blockage (Hydronephrosis) Illustration of a catheter passing through the liver into a blocked bile duct to drain bile. Drainage Percutaneous Biliary Drainage (PTBD) Treats: Bile Duct Blockage (Biliary Obstruction) Illustration of a gallbladder drainage catheter entering through the right upper abdomen and curling inside the gallbladder. Drainage Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Treats: Acute Cholecystitis in High-Risk Patients Illustration of a catheter draining an abdominal or pelvic abscess through the skin into a collection bag. Drainage Image-Guided Abscess Drainage Treats: Abdominal and Pelvic Abscess Illustration showing a gastrostomy tube passing through the abdominal wall into the stomach. Nutrition access Gastrostomy (G-Tube) Placement Treats: Long-Term Tube Feeding Needs Cutaway illustration of a GJ feeding tube entering the stomach and extending into the jejunum. Nutrition access Gastrojejunostomy (GJ-Tube) Placement Treats: Long-Term Tube Feeding Needs Illustration of a catheter removing a clot from a middle cerebral artery through femoral artery access. Neuro IR Stroke Thrombectomy Treats: Acute Ischemic Stroke Illustration of a catheter delivering coils into a brain aneurysm through an artery from the groin. Neuro IR Brain Aneurysm Coiling Treats: Brain Aneurysm Illustration of a flow diverter placed across a brain aneurysm in the internal carotid artery. Neuro IR Flow Diverter Placement for Brain Aneurysm Treats: Brain Aneurysm Illustration of a catheter placing a braided WEB device inside a brain aneurysm at an artery branch point. Neuro IR Intrasaccular Flow Disruption (WEB Device) Treats: Brain Aneurysm Illustration of catheter embolization of the middle meningeal artery for chronic subdural hematoma. Neuro IR Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization Treats: Chronic Subdural Hematoma Illustration of a catheter delivering embolic material into abnormal blood vessels of a brain AVM. Neuro IR AVM Embolization Treats: Brain Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) Illustration of a carotid stent opening a narrowed neck artery with embolic protection in place. Vascular Carotid Artery Stenting Treats: Carotid Artery Stenosis Illustration of a catheter reaching a bleeding mesenteric artery from the groin for coil embolization. IR GI Bleed Embolization Treats: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Illustration of a catheter delivering embolic particles into a bleeding bronchial artery in the lung IR Bronchial Artery Embolization Treats: Hemoptysis (Coughing Up Blood) Illustration of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection sealing a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm in the groin. Vascular Ultrasound-Guided Thrombin Injection for Pseudoaneurysm Treats: Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm Illustration showing a catheter and coils placed in the gastroduodenal artery to treat duodenal ulcer bleeding. IR Gastroduodenal Artery (GDA) Embolization for Upper GI Bleeding Treats: Gastrointestinal Bleeding Illustration of femoral catheter access delivering coils to a splenic artery aneurysm. IR Aneurysm and Pseudoaneurysm Embolization Treats: Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm, Visceral Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms Illustration of a catheter placing coils and a vascular plug in an internal iliac artery through femoral access. Vascular Internal Iliac Artery Embolization Treats: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), Iliac Artery Aneurysm, Pelvic Fracture Bleeding Illustration showing a catheter placed in the splenic artery to embolize bleeding after a spleen injury. IR Splenic Artery Embolization Treats: Splenic Injury (Trauma)

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