Is this a panic attack or a pulmonary embolism?

Chest pain and shortness of breath are symptoms that can be associated with both panic attacks and pulmonary embolism (PE), but the underlying causes and clinical presentations differ. A panic attack often presents with a rapid onset of intense fear or discomfort, accompanied by heart palpitations, sweating, trembling, and a sensation of losing control. It tends to resolve within minutes to a couple of hours. In contrast, a pulmonary embolism involves a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries, usually due to blood clots that travel from the legs. PE symptoms can include sudden shortness of breath, chest pain that may worsen with deep breathing, and sometimes coughing up blood.

Clinicians assess risk factors like recent surgery, prolonged immobility, or a history of deep vein thrombosis when evaluating the likelihood of PE. Medical literature indicates that diagnostic imaging, such as a CT pulmonary angiography, is often used to confirm PE. Recovery and treatment differ significantly between the two conditions. Anyone with concerns about chest pain or shortness of breath should discuss their specific situation with their healthcare provider.